All contents unless when indicated (including, without limitation, the graphics, icons, and overall appearance of the web site and the contents are owned by us or our contributers and must not be reproduced without our prior consent. Neither the owner (Graeme Watson) of this Website nor his affiliates waive any of its proprietary rights therein including, but not limited to, copyrights, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. This web site and the contents are intended only for the individual, non-commercial /or educational purposes only use of web site users. No user of this web site may resell, republish, print, download, copy, retransmit or display (by use of an html "frame" or otherwise) any portion of this web site or the contents without the prior written consent. The availability of any contents through this web site shall under no circumstance constitute a transfer of any copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights of this Website nor its affiliates to any web site user or any third party. This web site and the contents are protected by local and international copyright laws, both as individual works and as a compilation

Copyright Notice

This website when indicated incorporates public domain material, use of public domain material, does not imply endorsement.

Duration of copyright UK. The 1988 Copyright, Designs and Patents Act states the duration of copyright as; For literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works 70 years from the end of the calendar year in which the last remaining author of the work dies. If the author is unknown, copyright will last for 70 years from end of the calendar year in which the work was created, although if it is made available to the public during that time, (by publication, authorised performance, broadcast, exhibition, etc.), then the duration will be 70 years from the end of the year that the work was first made available.

In the UK, a work made before 1 Jun 1957 can only qualify for copyright protection by its country of first publication; not by the author's nationality.

Printed works
In the UK, the publisher's (separate) copyright, in the typographical arrangement of a printed work, lasts for 25 years from the end of the year in which publication occurred. This protects a publisher's copyright in all printed works: including books, magazines, newspapers, and other periodicals.
(Copyright law of the United Kingdom, Wikipedia)

Creating your own text transcriptions from British newspapers, unsigned newspaper text goes out of copyright, 70 calendar years after the year of publication. Signed newspaper text goes out of copyright, 70 calendar years after the death of the author(s).
If the article is signed it is safe to assume that the descendant of the author is the successor copyright holder. If the article is unsigned then it's out of copyright and free to reproduce as a transcription.

In the UK, it is doubtful whether a digitised image of an expired copyright work (which includes newspapers and newspaper articles) would qualify for copyright protection in its own right. There are institutions in the UK which claim copyright in their digitised versions of works in which copyright has expired. However, according to current case law, a work will only be protected by copyright if it is original in the sense that is the author’s ‘own intellectual creation’. It is questionable whether an unaltered reproduction of an existing work could satisfy this criterion if there has been no (or very limited) scope for the creator to exercise free creative choices.

Intellectual Property Office UK (IPO) | Concept House | Cardiff Road | Newport | South Wales, November 2020.

(Copyright in Newspaper Articles UK - by Ronan Deazley and Kerry Patterson PDF)

UK images are believed to be in the public domain if identity of photographer is unknown and image is more than 70 years old, photographic reproduction is therefore also considered to be in the public domain. A faithful photographic reproduction of a two-dimensional, public domain work of art. The work of art itself is also in the public domain for the following reason:
A UK artistic or literary work, of which the author is unknown and cannot be ascertained by reasonable enquiry, is in the public domain because it is one of the following:
A photograph, which has never previously been made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) and which was taken more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1950); or
A photograph, which was made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1950); or
An artistic work other than a photograph (e.g. a painting), or a literary work, which was made available to the public (e.g. by publication or display at an exhibition) more than 70 years ago (before 1 January 1950).

“Once a work falls into the Public Domain it remains there forever.”

In a copyright notice on "digital images, photographs and the internet" last updated in November 2015, theUK Intellectual Property Office confirmed that digital reproductions of public domain images are not protected by copyright, arguing that "according to the Court of Justice of the European Union which has effect in UK law, copyright can only subsist in subject matter that is original in the sense that it is the author's own "intellectual creation".

Sweat of the brow is an intellectual property law doctrine, chiefly related to copyright law.
The European Court of Justice, in which Football DataCo claimed copyright infringement over web sites which were reproducing match schedules from several major football leagues. Football DataCo asserted that these schedules were copyrighted works due to the skill and labour involved in their preparation, and that the company was given exclusive rights to license their reproduction.
Based on its interpretation of British law, the court rejected the notion that labour and skill was enough to grant protection to a work, since "unless the procedures for creating the lists concerned as described by the national court are supplemented by elements reflecting originality in the selection or arrangement of the data contained in those lists, they do not suffice for those lists to be protected by the copyright laid down in the directive."

“Fair dealing” means the right granted by copyright laws to reproduce limited portions of copyrighted works without infringing the legitimate interest of the authors or copyright owners. This right exists in the UK and other regions whose copyright ordinances are derived from the UK (such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Hong Kong). (UK Understanding Fair Use.)

In the UK, fair dealing with a work for the purpose of quotation, criticism or review, or news reporting does not infringe copyright in the work, provided it is accompanied by a sufficient acknowledgement, and provided the work has been made available to the public.

Law of Fair Use U.S.C. Title 17 107.  In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. 107, any copyrighted material used within this site, including but not limited to documents, entries, photos or graphics, is distributed under Fair Use without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for non profit research and/or educational purposes only.

United States Fair Use. U.S. Copyright Office Fair Use Index.

“No copyright is claimed in regard to articles used and to the extent that material may appear to be infringed, I assert that such alleged infringement is permissible under fair use principles in U.S. copyright laws. If you believe material has been used in an unauthorized manner, you may contact us by e-mail at: Contact.”

In the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1925.

In the United States, old newspapers fall into the Public Domain 75 years from the first date of publication. However, the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998 essentially froze the Public Domain cut off date at Dec. 31, 1922 until 2019, at which point works published in 1923 and beyond will start to fall into the Public Domain on a rolling basis. So, newspapers published in 1923 will be in the Public Domain in 2019, papers published in 1924 will join the Public Domain in 2020.

Articles published between 1978 and 1 March 1989 without a copyright notice and not registered within five years of publication. These are fair game but only if both of these requirements are met. Even if there wasn’t a copyright notice, the newspaper might still have been registered with the copyright office within five years. Because of this five-year option, while it’s possible that these articles were fair game when published, it’s also possible that they’ll be copyright-protected well into the future.

Any news article published in the United States from 1923 through 1963 with a copyright notice but where the copyright was not renewed. An original copyright during this time frame lasted for 28 years. Longer protection — up to 67 more years — was available if the copyright was renewed by filing a renewal in the U.S. Copyright Office.

Any news article published in the United States between 1923 and 1977 without a copyright notice, it’s in the public domain.

Any news article published in the United States before 1923 is in the public domain and you can reprint or republish it in any form you’d like without any copyright concerns at all.

"The names, logos, and other source identifying features of newspapers depicted in our website are the trademarks of their respective owners, and our use of newspaper content in the public domain or by private agreement does not imply any affiliation with, or endorsement from, the publishers of the newspaper titles that appear on our site. (Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA), makes these newspapers articles available for the purpose of historical research, and is not responsible for the content of any newspapers articles archived at our website."

The official position taken by the Wikimedia Foundation is that "faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are public domain". Photographic reproduction is therefore also considered to be in the public domain in the United States.

Under Australian law, as explained by the Australian Copyright Council (a non-governmental group that advises writers, photographers and others), any newspaper published before 1 January 1955 is out of copyright, since the copyright protection in effect at that time ran only for 50 years from the date of publication. A new law in effect in 2005 because of the treaty extends the protection to 70 years but that didn’t affect publication where the copyright had already expired. So for any article before 1955, it’s in the public domain.

Programmes displayed on this website are to illustrate the article on the match to which the programme was issued and to bring further understanding to the reader. The image's are of a programme cover and the copyright for it is most likely held by either the publisher of the programme or the individual contributors who worked on the cover depicted. It is believed that the use of low-resolution images of programme covers to illustrate the publication of the issue of the programme in question with the publication name either visible on the image itself or written in the image description above, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit (Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA), qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image's elsewhere, may be copyright infringement.

Match ticket's shown on this website. The depicted text is ineligible for copyright and therefore in the public domain, because it is not a “literary work” or other protected type in sense of the local copyright law. Facts, data, and unoriginal information which is common property without sufficiently creative authorship in a general typeface or basic handwriting, and simple geometric shapes are not protected by copyright. This tag does not generally apply to all images of texts. Particular countries can have different legal definition of the “literary work” as the subject of copyright and different court's interpretation practices. Some countries protect almost every written work, while other countries protect distinctively artistic or scientific texts and databases only. Extent of creativeness, function and length of the text can be relevant. The copyright protection can be limited to the literary form – the included information itself can be excluded from protection.

Clothing design, even though it is considered a form of artistic expression by the people who practice it, continues to be considered a utilitarian product and not eligible for copyright protection.

Signature's on this website are believed to be ineligible for copyright and therefore in the public domain because they fall below the required level of originality for copyright protection both in the United States and in the source country (if different). If the signature is extremely simple (eg a scribbled line or two), it will not be copyright even in the UK.

Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA has made every resonable effort to contact copyright holders of images in photo sections. Any errors are inadvertent and anyone who, for any reason, has not been contacted is invited to contact us by e-mail at: Contact.

If you believe there has been a breach of copyright you may contact us by e-mail at: Contact. The notification must be in writing and contain the following information:
A description of the copyrighted work or other intellectual property that you claim has been infringed;
A description of where the material that you claim is infringing is located on the Website, with enough detail that we may find it on the Website;
Your address, telephone number, and email address;
A statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use is not authorized by the copyright or intellectual property owner, its agent, or the law;
A statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the above information in your Notice is accurate and that you are the copyright or intellectual property owner or authorized to act on the copyright or intellectual property owner’s behalf.
If you submit a notice of infringement that knowingly materially misrepresents that any Content, information, or communication on the Website is infringing upon a copyright, you may be held liable for damages and attorneys’ fees.

A Derivative work

A derivative work is one that is based on one or more earlier works. Derivative works include editorial revisions, annotations or other types of modifications. The work must be different enough from the original to be regarded as a new work in other words, it must contain some substantial, not merely trivial, originality.

The threshold for originality in a derivative work is higher than that required for the original work. The person who creates the derivative owns the copyright to revision, annotation, or other type of modification only. The original copyright is still owned by the original creator.

Materials submitted by you to this site

By submitting your personal data, you agree to this storing or processing. We will always take all reasonable precautions to make sure that your data remains secure and is handled in accordance with this Privacy Policy. The transmission of information via the internet is not completely secure and therefore we cannot guarantee the security of data sent to us electronically and transmission of such data is therefore entirely at your own risk.

Disclaimer

You represent and warrant that you own copyright in any material you submit to this site, and that the reproduction and use by this site of that material on this site will not breach the intellectual property or moral rights of any third party. You grant this site perpetual, irrevocable, royalty free licence to exploit the intellectual property rights in any material you submit to this site, which may be assigned or sub-licenced in this site's absolute discretion. Picture Credits, Every effort has been made to acknowlege correctly and contact the source and/or copyright holder of each picture, apologises for any uninteneded errors or omissions. Notification of copyright infringement, Our policy is to comply with all intellectual property laws and to act expeditiously upon receiving any notice of claimed infringement.

We take all reasonable steps to ensure that the information on this website is correct. However, we do not guarantee the correctness or completeness of material on this website. The information contained within this Website is subject to continuous change and we may make changes to the material on this Website at any time and without notice. The material on this Website may be out of date, or on rare occasions incorrect due to delays, errors and omissions which may occur and we make no guarantee or commitment to ensure that such material is correct or up to date or free of errors or viruses. The material at this Website is provided without any conditions or warranties of any kind. To the maximum extent permitted by local law and international laws, we provide access and use of this website on the basis that we exclude all representations, warranties and conditions which but for these terms may have effect in relation to this website.

• This Website (Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA) is made available by Graeme Watson, for educational purposes, intended only to provide a summary and general overview of his family tree's Aberdeen Football Club connections. This Website is current at the time of publication, for general informational purposes only.
  This is a private contribution from Graeme Watson's personal family tree, an un-official compilation of the family tree of Aberdeen Football Club's official's, player's and staff from 1881 to present.
  All living persons from Graeme Watson's family tree, not wishing to be included are not included to respect and protect their privacy under local and international privacy laws.
• Information and images on this website are from Graeme Watson's private collection, family and friends and including obtained through fair use public contributions.
• This website is non-commercial and includes not for profit resources. No commercial gain is made from the use of the images on this site.
• Realistically colorized historical photos on this website are a guide to make the past seem more real, but are not neccesarry 100% acurate.
  They are a digital representations of colours and may not be exact matches, colours may vary and we do not guarantee the correctness in colour.
• Aberdeen Football Club 1991-92 Logo - This version uk trade mark, mark type: figurative, UK00001479943, UK00001479944, UK00001490862, classes: 21, 25, 26 status dead.
• Aberdeen Football Club's various Logo's after 1965 shown on this website are a version (variant) designed by Graeme Watson 2019 (Logo's are for representation only and use of the logo's on this website does not imply endorsement.) Aberdeen Football Club's various Logo's is used to convey the meaning intended and avoid tarnishing or misrepresenting the intended image.
• Aberdeen Football Club's various Logo's before 1965 shown on this website are purely a design by Graeme Watson 2019, with no know connection to any actual logo's.
• Aberdeen Football Club's various Logo's hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit ( Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA), of logos for certain uses involving identification and critical commentary may qualify as fair use under the Copyright law of the United States.
• Brand name logos, logo images consists only of simple geometric shapes or text. They do not meet the threshold of originality needed for copyright protection, and is therefore in the public domain. Although they are free of copyright restrictions, the image may still be subject to other restrictions. See WP:PD#Fonts #Fonts and typefaces or Template talk:PD-textlog for more information.
• Logo's of an organization, item, or event, and is protected by copyright. The use of low-resolution images on Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit (Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA), qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image's elsewhere, may be copyright infringement.
• Any of the trademarks, service marks, collective marks, design rights, personality rights or similar rights that are mentioned, used or cited in the Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA are the property of their respective owners. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for any other purpose other than for the same or a similar informational use as contemplated by the original authors of Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA media under the specified licensing scheme. Unless otherwise stated Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA are neither endorsed nor affiliated with any of the holders of any such rights and as such Aberdeen F.C. | Family/DNA can not grant any rights to use any otherwise protected materials. Your use of any such or similar incorporeal property is at your own risk.
• The information contained in the calendars, time lines and statistics counters on this website, is for general information purposes only.
• WARNING: This site contains: names, information and images of deceased people; and, may contain language which may be considered inappropriate today.
• This website is not affilated, associated with or endorsed by the Aberdeen Football Club and is purely a private contribution.
• All person's named on this site are either, Related by blood, i.e. by a Common Genetic Heritage or non-blood related individuals to, Graeme Watson.
  When indicated - Linked to my Family Tree
  All are part of Graeme Watson's one family tree, meaning that they are all interconnected in some way.
• Graeme Watson's family tree connections to Aberdeen Football Club range from relatively close cousins to distant to very distant to a wide range of family tree links, which may vary as more links are established.
• All profile pages on the website are of deceased individuals, no living individuals or details are shown, which includes the genealogy website.
  (Except when documenting team line-ups and in the section, Aberdeen FC profile of Players, Officials & Staff 1940 - 2030, When indicated - Linked to my Family Tree
  is living individuals or details shown.)